4.Tough Guise

The documentary which we watched at class,is really realistic but I think some points are missed about masculinity. At the being of the documentary some boys describe masculinity as dominance,violence,power,freedom and being respected.If boys are not keep back none of them these features, they can called as sissy, soft..etc. All of the features which I told above make boys "real man".How boys think these properties make them real man? First factor is "Media" because there are lots of films,cartoons,TV series,songs..etc which we can see the male dominance.For example,In Turkey there was a show which is called Güzel ve Dahi.In this show there are girls who are just beautiful and there were boys who are smart.The narrator of this programme ask questions the girls and lots of them answer these questions wrongly.Thus far everything looks normal but deeply there is a man dominance because girls just shown as beautiful but stupid ones.Also all of them wore sexy and low-cut dresses.I think these girls are used as sex objects to increase rating level.On the other hand,men answer every questions and they kidding with girls when girl gave silly answers.Actually this programme gives a message to public like "Women are silly and they are like knickknacks which belongs to man and man can use it whatever they want but Men are intelligent and they can success and obtain everything if they want." The other factor is culture.For example,in our culture there is a stereotyped view about men which is men never cry.Because of this view, men feel that they have to be strong.

3.About Marked Women

(1945-) Deborah Tannen is a professor of linguistic at Georgetown University.Her best known book is " You Just Don't Understand:Women and Man in Conservation(1990).She mostly focuses on communication between men and women in her books.

I found this article very interesting but the author looks the situation from one direction and this way looks like so feminist. The author starts her article with comparing men and women's hair and dressing style at the conference. She taught that women are marked because she saw three women who have different styles. However, men look like each other with their clothes and hair styles. I think this example is not right enough to say women are marked because while people go conference or business meeting, they usually wear formal clothes which have definite colors and forms. However, this stereotyped clothing can be varying in different work fields. So that, I think we cannot say men are unmarked in this example. Also I don't think men's hair styles look like each other because nowadays, men are emerged with new hair styles and this hair styles are not limited.The author continues with giving examples why women are marked. She thinks women are marked because when women are married,they can protect their surname or they take their husband's surname.So this situation is unmarked for man because they haven't got any options like a that.The other example is titles.For instance,when women are married, we put "Mrs" front of their surname or if they are not married, we put "Miss". If we do not know anything about women, we can put "Ms". However,we called men with putting "Mr." up to their surnames.Deborah Tannen also benefits from the ideas of Ralph Fasold(He mentioned about reproduction in his book).For example, he said that X chromosomes make a female but Y chromosomes do nothing without X chromosomes.So this shows again women are marked.